Cognitive Psychology Questions

When we pay attention to something, activity in the __________ is modulateda- Parietal lobeb- Temporal lobec- Occipital lobed- Frontal lobee- Attention involves a network of activations

Which of the following findings challenged the idea that there are a fixed number of "slots" in VSTM?a- More individual objects were remembered when they were simple versus complexb- Less individual objects were remembered when they were simple versus complexc- The precision of individual object representations decreased as the number of objects increasedd- The precision of individual object representations increased as the number of objects increased

The fuzzy trace theory of LTM proposes which of the following regarding the relationship between verbatim-(detail) and gist-(conceptual)based memory:a- They are stored in parallelb- They are stored serially c- They are recalled in paralleld- They are recalled independently e- A & Cf- A & D g- B & Ch- B & D

If I tell you that a target will appear in the same location as a red dot cue, but I actually only do this on 80% of trials, and instead present the target in some random location on the other 20% of trials, how will this probably affect your response times to find the target?a- You'll respond equally fast no matter where the cue is because I'm a dirty liarb- You'll respond faster when the target appears in the cued locationc- You'll respond slower when the target appears in the cued locationd- You'll respond faster when the target appears on the opposite side of the screen from the cued location

Which of the following is true regarding transsaccadic memory?a- Its coded only in eye-centered coordinatesb- Its coded only in world-centered coordinatesc- It integrates across a unified time-scaled- All of the abovee- None of the above

Which of the following is true?a- VSTM is limited in capacity and durationb- VSTM is limited in capacity but not in durationc- VSTM is not limited in capacity, but is limited in durationd- VSTM is not limited in capacity or duration

Which of the following is NOT a cause of "forgetting"?a- Previously learned information can interfere with the recall of new information.b- New information interferes with the recall of previous information.c- Previously learned information is unable to be overwritten due to cortical atrophyd- With time and disuse, memory traces fade.

I asked my friends what they wanted my partner to cook for a dinner party and phoned my partner to pick up the necessary ingredients on his way home. I don't like some of the items, but I want to blame my partner for forgetting them instead. Where should I include these items in my list to have the best chances of shifting the blame? =)a- At the very beginning of the listb- At the end of the listc- In the middle of the listd- As either the second or second to last item in the list

True or false: An eye-witness to an armed bank robbery is reliable testimony in court.a- False: Witnesses' memories can be biased by wording of questionsb- True: Witnesses remember more details about crimes when there is a weapon presentc- True: Witnesses can at least distinguish between consistent and inconsistent information when directly questionedd- False: Only multiple witnesses that all agree can act as reliable testimony

What should you NOT do to prepare for exams (in this class at least)?a- Revise by generating your own answers to feedback questionsb- Actively answer study questions before the next lecture using TopHatc- Memorize the book word-for-wordd- Try to take the exam in the same room where you've been listening to lectures

Why do we need spell-check?a- We are only able to process one word at a timeb- We miss spelling mistakes because our attention is biased towards the leftc- Because we process nouns differently than articlesd- Because we read in context

If you got hit in the head so hard you had to put tattoos on your body so you remembered things because you periodically "woke up" and didn't remember anything after getting hit in the head, you'd most likely have ___________ amnesia.a- Retrogradeb- Anterogradec- Functionald- Rostral

How is Transsaccadic memory different from VSTM?a- It accounts for changes in target locationb- It has limited capacityc- Decay begins after initial stimulus presentationd- It is subject to the effects of masking

Where is memory carried out in the brain?a- Memory is carried out by networks distributed throughout the brainb- Memory is localized to the hippocampusc- Memory is localized to the parietal lobed- Memory is localized to the left occipital lobe for right-handed people and the right occipital lobe for left-handed people.

Which of the following support the proposal that we are reliably able to report about our own cognitive processing?a- When split into two groups, each presented with the same professor giving the same lecture, one group rated the professor as more intelligent and when asked why, the group members said the professor presented the material very clearly and was more knowledgeableb- We feel we can easily divide our attention and do two tasks just as well at the same time as we can do each separately, as long as we don't have to do two actions at the same timec- When we remember things, we all create very similar images to store the memories, even though there are some variations between peopled-All of thesee- None of these

True or false: There is no learning without conditioning with a stimulus to elicit a response.a- Trueb- False

Which of the following findings supports the proposal that we have an "inner voice' or phonological loop:a- In general, we recall more from a list of "short-sounding" words than from of list of the same number of words that are "long-sounding."b- In general, we recall more from a list of letters that are more "similar-sounding" than a list of the same number of letters than are more "different-sounding."c- In general, we recall more from a list of words that are "slower" versus "faster" to sayd- In general, when we create a mental image of abstract concepts, we recall them better than without this imagery

Why might Person A fill in the blank below with an L and Person B with a W?_EAKa- Person B experienced the recency effectb- Both Persons A & B are experiencing bottom-up reorganizationc- Person A has a broken water pipe and Person B skipped leg day at the gymd- Person B experienced the primacy effect

If you wanted to know whether a person can discriminate which of two lights was a target faster than they could discriminate between two sounds, which of the following ways could test/measure this?a- You could have them press a button when a light comes on and press another button when a sound comes on and measure how long each takesb- You could have them press a button when they see the target light and press a button when they hear the target sound and measure how long each takes.c- You could manipulate the time they are supposed to press the button between two sounds and between two lights and measure how long they actually take to press the buttond- You could manipulate the time between presenting them with the two lights and between the two sounds and measure how long they take to correctly press a button indicating whether the first or second light/sound was the targete- A & Cf- B & Dg- A & Dh- B & Ci- A & Bj- C & D

What is the best evidence to support the claim that the limited capacity of Visual Short Term Memory depends on task?a- When memorizing lists of numbers, most people can only remember about 7 +or- 2b- When asked to remember a set of colored shapes presented in a previous display, most people can correctly determine whether a test display has all the same or one different color present for up to about 4 + or - 2 objectsc- When asked to memorize a string of letters, people correctly recall fewer in the correct order when they have to say the alphabet backwards before they recall the string versus when they simply wait a few minutes and recall the stringd- A & Be- A & Cf- B & C