Biological Chemistry Questions

The linear arrangement of amino acids in the polypeptide chain is referred to as the ________structure of the protein.

The difference between an acid and a base is that an acid _______, whereas a base _______. A- releases OH- ions in solution; accepts OH- ionsB- releases H+ ions in solution; accepts H- ionsC- undergoes a reversible reaction; does notD- releases H+ ions in solution; accepts H+ ionsE- releases OH- ions in solution; releases H+ ions

Which of the following is an accurate description of the structure of an unsaturated fatty acid?A. A hydrocarbon chain with a carboxyl group at one end and no double bonds between the carbon atomsB. A hydrocarbon chain with a carboxyl group at one end and one or more double bonds between the carbon atomsC. A hydrocarbon chain with a carboxyl group at both ends and one or more double bonds between the carbon atomsD. 3 hydrocarbon chains joined to a glycerol molecule and one or more double bonds between the carbon atomsE. A hydrocarbon chain with a carboxyl group at both ends and no double bonds between the carbon atoms

Select all that applyWhat are the three basic components of a nucleotide?A. Amino groupB. Carboxyl groupC. Pentose sugarD. Nitrogenous baseE. Phosphate group

________ is often referred to as the "energy currency of the cell."

Which of the following bonds is essentially nonpolar?O--HC--NC--HC--ON--H

A phospholipid is structurally similar to a triglyceride except that in a phospholipid, a charged phosphate group replaces one of the...A. amino acidsB. glycerolsC. fatty acids

Which of the following statements comparing a solution of lemon juice (pH ~2) to a solution of tomato juice (pH ~4) is true? A- None of the aboveB-The lemon juice has more hydrogen acceptors per liter.C-The lemon juice has a higher pH.D-The lemon juice has more H+ ions per liter.E-The lemon juice has more hydroxyl ions per liter.

Select the disease type that could result from a deficiency in chaperone proteins.A. A disease caused by improper formation of chromosomes.B. A disease caused by inability to synthesize large proteins.C. A disease caused by improper folding of proteins.D. A disease caused by improper formation of membranes.

Match the non-fat lipids to their characteristics.TerpenesSteroidsProstaglandinsA. Composed of four carbon rings; some function as hormonesB. Long-chain lipids that are part of many biologically important pigmentsC. Act as local chemical messengers in many vertebrate tissues

Select all that applyWhich of the following describe monosaccharides?A. Monosaccharides are polymers that are formed by joining monomers called carbohydrates.B. Monosaccharides are monomers that can be joined together to form more complex carbohydrates.C. Monosaccharides are composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.D. Monosaccharides are the simplest carbohydrates.

Select all that applyWhich of the following statements about carbon are true?A. A single carbon atom always bonds with four other atoms.B. The molecules it is found in are always straight chains.C. It can form covalent bonds.D. It forms the framework of biological molecules.

Proteins are made up of one or more unbranched chains of __________ ______

The structure of a phospholipid can best be described as which of the following?A. A 5-carbon sugar joined to a nitrogenous base and a phosphate groupB. A 5-carbon sugar joined to a nitrogenous base and 2 phosphate groupsC. Glycerol joined to 2 fatty acids and a phosphate groupD. Glycerol joined to 3 fatty acids and a phosphate groupE. Five interlocking carbon rings joined to a phosphate group

Where are the sugar-phosphate backbones and the nitrogenous bases located in the DNA double helix?A. The nitrogenous bases run along the outside of the double helix while the sugar-phosphate backbones pair in the middle.B. The sugar-phosphate backbones and the nitrogenous bases alternate along the length of the double helix in a specific pattern.C. The sugar-phosphate backbones run along the outside of the double helix while the nitrogenous bases pair in the middle.

Why do phospholipids spontaneously form bilayers when mixed with water?A. The nonpolar heads attract water and the polar tails repel water.B. The polar heads repel water and the nonpolar tails attract water.C. The nonpolar heads repel water and the polar tails attract water.D. The polar heads attract water and the nonpolar tails repel water.

When a carbohydrate is formed by linking two monosaccharides by a condensation reaction, we get water plus which of the following?A. A polypeptideB. A dipeptideC. A disaccharideD. A polysaccharide

A protein that is composed of multiple polypeptides is said to have a _________ level of protein structure.

Which of the following help proteins fold into their correct 3-D shape?ImmunoglobulinsGene regulatorsHormonesEnzymesChaperone proteins

A molecule that only contains __________ and _________ is called a hydrocarbon.